Variable capacity hydraulic rotary pump or motor



w. w. TlNGLE 2,510,609

VARIABLE CAPACITY HYDRAULIC ROTARY PUMP 0R MOTOR June 6, 1950 Filed Dec. .23, 1946 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 6, 1950 w. w. TINGLE 2,510,609

VARIABLE CAPACITY HYDRAULIC ROTARY PUMP OR MOTOR Filed Dec. 25, 1946 I Sheets-Sheet 2 42 .30 a? a7 as s 37 z a? 26 32 35 .35 w /.a M J 4a 34 44 45 J 34 I I l' J2 L- H I l INVENTOR,

40 fi/zi/lm [any 6 ne 1950 w. w. TINGLE VARIABLE CAPACITY HYDRAULIC ROTARY PUMP OR MOTOR Filed Dec.

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HTTOR/VEX 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Zl/J/z'am BY m Patented June 6, 1 950 UNITE-D STATES ii PATENT OFFICE VARIABLE CAPACITY HYDRAULIC ROTARY PUMP OR MOTOR William W. Tingle, Glendale, Calif. Application December 23, 1946, Serial meanness The principal object 'of any invention is to provide in a hydraulic machine, a rotary pump of variable capacity while maintaining a constant speed and functioning as .a motor at will;

- It is therefore an object of my invention to provide a'hydraulic rotary pump functioning by direct means forvaryingv thevoiumetric displacement of the pump during operation, and thereby varythe delivery of fluids.

A further object isthelprovi'sion of a hydraulic rotary pump-possessing structural characteristics whereby the direction "of flow can be reversed during operation of the pump, and this without sever-sing its, rotation, and while maintaining its constant speed;-

A further object of the herein invention is the provision of a hydraulic rotary pump for forcibly ea'eoting a smooth continuous flow of fluid in large quantities at-high speed, and with a minimum of power loss. In this respect, I believe my. invention to be of greater capacity for its size than any existing type of variable displacement pu p;

. .A further object of the herein invention is the provision of .a hydraulic rotary pump which is free from cavitation at high speeds because oen trifugal force aids the intake of fluid rather than opposingift, due to the central admission of fluid;

. A still further object of the herein invention 7 theprovision of a hydraulic rotary pump adaptable for use in a variable speed transmission whereinany ratio may be chosen between neutrail. and high. speed; v

And a still further ohject of the herein inventi'on "is "the provision of ahydraulic rotary pump whereby the output can be controlled to meet the requirements of a hydraulicsystem without vsailojetting the system to the conventional power loss due tony-pass, V

I attain-"these objects by the hydraulic rotary pump illustrated in the accompanying drawings, lnwhioh.

Figure 1 is an end elevation of the invention;

Figure 2, is an end elevation opposite to that shown 'in" Fig. :12

yFieure '3 a view as in Fig. 2, but with the Clillr removed;

"Figure T4 is a sectionon'line 4-4 of Fig.3 Figure a. section on line:5-;5 of Fig. 4;

j Figure Bis asection on line 5-4 of Fig.4, with intheneutralmacro-pumping position; Figure 7 is -a section on the same line a/s Fig. 6, with the pump in its maximum output position; r I r 15mm aisva-seotionon line .of Fig. (i,-.-a;nd

4 Claims. (Cl. 103-120) Fi ur 9 is asefit on n l ne of Eis- Similarnumerals -=ot refierence indicate like parts throughout the-several views.

Referring thereto, a-housing H3 is provided with a boss H having a tapered bore 12..

A cylindrical stator I3 is provided with a tapered tubular-ex n i n M which is fitted into the bore 42 from the inside of the housing ii],

A nut I4 threaded upon the extension Made jacent the end of the boss ll causes theextension 14 to be drawn the bore l2 so that the stator 13 is against rotation.

The extension: .44 provided with a bore which is divided into two passageways i5 and i5" by a vertical partition Iii which extends into the in.- terior. oi'the stator 13 and divides the latter into two chambers l1 and I8 respectively.

The stator 13 is open at its periphery except at the twopointswhere the partition it becomes part of the p ri heryvA rotor l9 an inner cylindrical shell 20 and an outer oylmdrieal shell 2!. The former is provided witha plurality of ports 22 through its periphery whereby communication is provided be w en the chambers l1 and It and the interior of the 21,

The periphery of the shell 210 is provided with a plurality of cavities wherein are retained ribs 24 of circular cross section stormed on the inner ends'o-f a-pluralityofradial vanes 2-5 where: by said vanes are monntedso as to oscillate when the shell 2| is adjusted.

The shell 2; embodies apair of end plates "26 and .2 l abutting the ends of 2 plurality .of arched blocks-8 which areesuppp ited day pins 23 through said end iolates and :said-lolooks. The latter are concave at -their edges so as to snugly fit against a'plurality otpinstil-which ionrnaled at their ends [in the plates and 2:1.

:The blocks 218 and pins 30 are positioned .a circle b0 15 9 sthfi .neriphery' of the 511611 2 I, lihepinsgifl are slotted 3:11-39 to receive thevanes-2-5 which slide through the pins 3%.

ill-he shell-.20 .iSiOI'fllfidfifytWO parts 31 and 2 for assembly purposes. filihey may be secured to one another as shy-1a plurality of pins :33, one only being shown in Fig. 4.

The .shell 1-20 is supportedifor rotation about its axis-upon .ballzbearings 34 which are supported upon the stator i=3.

The shell .24 is supported for rotation about its axis my "ball ibeanings 35- :which are :in turn u po is h i o slates a1 secured ,as. by

bolts to :four .slidableblocks 3 9. 'Ehexbloeks tare 1on8. ef itheir :sides so :as to ifit into concave sides of four blocks 40 having lugs formed thereon designed to fit into grooves 4| formed into the walls of the housing It.

A pair of vertical control rods 42 are secured to the upper pair of the blocks 39 as by nuts 43.

The plates 3'! are supported for vertical movement by the control rods 42, the latter being adaptable for either up or down movement for the operation of the machine. 1

The shell 20 is'fixedcoaxially with the stator I3 by the bearings 34, but the axis of the shell 2| is susceptive to a vertical movement eccentric to the axis of the shell 20,'while both shells are revolving at the same R. P. M. This is provided for by means of a double universal joint 43' comprising in part a ring 44, a short tube 45 and a swivel block 45. The latter is pivotally mounted in a slot 47 through an axially movable shaft 48 by means of a bolt 49 having its ends journaled through the shaft 48.

The block 46 is provided on its endswith a pair of trunnions 5|) pivotally attached-t one end of the tube 45 by bearing caps The other end of said tube is provided with a pair of trunnions 52 pivotally attached to the ring 44 by bearing caps 53. 1 I

The ring 44 is provided with a pair of trunnions 54 pivotally attached to a hub 55 of one of the plates 21 by bearing caps 56. r

The inner end of the shaft 48 is keyed or splined to a hub 51 of the shell to permit of axial motion of said shaft as the offset of the shell 2| is varied to either increase or decrease the fluid output, and the outer end of said shaft is journaled in ball bearings 58 provided in a conical shaped boss 59 of a covert!) for the housing Ill.

The pump functions when the axis of the shell 2| is moved vertically eccentric to the axis of the shell 20, output increasing as the offset increases, the speed of rotation remaining constant.

In Fig. 7 the control rods 42 have lowered the plates 31 and the thereby supported ball bearings supporting the shell 2| so that the axis of the shell 2| is below the axis of the shell 20. As the shells 2i] and 2| are rotated together in a clockwise direction at the same R. P. M the area between the vanes 25 increases on the right hand side of the partition l6 and creates a suction which draws fluid through the passageway l5, the chamber H, and the ports 22 into the area between the vanes 25.

Fluid is carried between the vanes 25 from the right hand side of the partition I6 around clockwise to the left hand side of the partition l6 where the area between the vanes 25 is progressively decreased and thereby forcing the fluid back through the ports 22 into the chamber 8 and out therefrom through the passageway |5'.

When the control rods 42 are adjusted to lift the shell 2! so that the axis of said shell is above the axis of the shell 20 and the clockwise direction of rotation is maintained, the direction of fluid flow will be reversed and fluid will be drawn into the chamber I8 through the passageway l5 and expelled out of the chamber I! through the passageway |5.

Due to small deflections under various operating conditions the shell 2| must be free to align itself about the shell 20 and the stator l3. Said alignment is provided for by the particular mounting of the plates 31 upon the blocks 39 and 4B. This mounting permits a slight rotation of the plates as a unit about the vertical axis of the pump, also about the horizontal axis of the pump perpendicular to the drive shaft 48 and a slight movement axially of said shaft while an increased movement vertically is accomplished by means of the control rods 42.

The double universal joint permits vertical movement of the outer rotor 2| due to the axial sliding movement of the shaft 48 as take place when the inner end of the universal joint 43 moves upwardly and the out end of said universal joint moves to the left as will be" apparent with reference to Fig. 4.

My invention, used in conjunction with another unit (either constant or variable displacement pump) to convert oil pressure back into usable motion, could be used as a variable speed transmission readily adaptable to automobiles, trucks, tractors, etc, It could also be used singly in hydraulic systems such as for ships steering gear, aircraft hydraulics, and numerous other fields where a machine of its characteristics would appropriately function.

Used as a variable speed transmission its .ad-' vantage over geared transmission is that any ratio may be chosen between 'zero and its maximum, whereas geared transmissions operate at fixed ratios and require clutches to disconnect the power when a shift is made from one gear to another.

When used in hydraulic systems it requires no by-pass to take care of excessive discharge because the output can be controlled to the requirements. Consequently there is no power loss due to by-passed fluid. Moreover, due to the central admission of the oil, my invention is not subject to cavitation at high speeds because centrifugal force aids the intake of oil rather than to oppose it. a

The invention may readily be produced from materials the open market affords and at no unreasonable cost.

I am aware that slight structural changes may from time to time suggest themselves, but within the scope of the herein disclosure. Hence, I do not limit my invention to the exact arrangement and component parts herein described, but what I do claim is:

1. In a rotary pump, a housing, a cylindrical stator fixed in said housing and provided with peripheral openings, separate chambers and a fluid passage leading from each chamber through a wall of the housing for ingress and egress of fluid; an inner rotor mounted on and surrounding said stator in permanently concentric relation thereto and being provided with peripheral ports affording flow of fluid between said chambers, an outer rotor surrounding and being circumferentially spaced from the inner rotor, a plurality of vanes slidable through outer rotor and pivoted at their inner ends to said inner rotor and constructed and arranged so as to define in the cir-. cumferential space between said rotors a series of pump chambers each having one of said ports in communication therewith, a drive shaft drivingly coupled to said inner rotor, means for adjusting said outer rotor from a position concentric with the inner rotor into various eccentric positions and vice-versa, and a flexible drive connection between said outer rotor and said drive shaft for driving the outer rotor in all positions of adjustment at the same rate as the inner rotor.

2. In a rotary pump, a housing, a cylindrical stator fixed in said housing and provided with peripheral openings, separate chambers and a fluid passage leading from each chamber through a wall of the housing for ingress and egress *of fluid; an inner rotor mounted on and surrounding said stator and being provided with peripheral ports affording fiow of fluid between said chambers, an outer rotor surrounding and being circumferentially spaced from the inner rotor, a plurality of vanes slidable through the outer rotor and pivoted at their inner ends to said inner rotor and constructed and arranged so as to define in the circumferential space between said rotors a series of pump chambers each having one of said ports in communication therewith, a drive shaft drivingly coupled to said inner rotor, supporting plates bodily adjustably mounted in said housing, bearing means for rotatably supporting the outer rotor between and on said plates for bodily movement therewith, means for adjusting said plates to dispose said outer rotor in different eccentric positions, and a drive connection between said outer rotor and said drive shaft.

3. In a rotary pump, a housing having a tubular seat in one wall thereof, a cylindrical stator open about its periphery and mounted in said housing, a tubular extension on said stator extending axially therefrom and being fixed in said seat, a partition extending the length of said extension and into said housing to define parallel passages in the bore of said extension and separate chambers within said stator whereby fluid may enter and be discharged from said chambers through said passages, an inner rotor concentric with said stator and having a plurality of peripheral ports affording fiow of fluid between said chambers during rotation of said rotor, a cylindrical outer rotor surrounding said inner rotor and being circumferentially spaced therefrom, means supporting said outer rotor for adjustment to dispose it in various eccentric positions to either side of a position of concentricity with said inner rotor, a plurality of vanes slidably extensible through the peripheral portion of said outer rotor and pivoted at their inner ends to said inner rotor and constructed and arranged to define in the circumferential space between said rotors a plurality of pump chambers each having one of said ports in communication therewith and being subject to variation of its cubic capacity responsive to eccentric adjustments of said outer rotor, a drive shaft directly connected to said inner rotor, a drive connection between said shaft and said outer rotor affording adjustment of the outer rotor while the outer rotor is being driven at the same rate as the inner rotor, and means operable ex- 6 teriorly of said housing for adjusting said outer rotor to move it into and out of various eccentric positions.

4. In a rotary pump, a housing, a cylindrical stator fixed in said housing and provided with peripheral openings, separate chambers and a fluid passage leading from each chamber through a Wall of the housing for ingress and egress of fluid; an inner rotor mounted on and surrounding said stator in permanently concentric relation thereto and being provided with peripheral ports afiording flow of fluid between said chambers, an outer rotor surrounding said inner rotor for adjustment into positions variously eccentric to said inner rotor and being circumferentially spaced from the inner rotor, a plurality of vanes slidable through the outer rotor and pivoted at their inner ends to said inner rotor and constructed and arranged so as to define in the circumferential space between said rotors a series of pump chambers each having one of said ports in communication therewith, a drive shaft drivingly coupled to said inner rotor, means for adjusting said outer rotor from a position concentric with the inner rotor into various eccentric positions and vice versa, a flexible drive connection between said outer rotor and said drive shaft for driving the outer rotor in all positions of adjustment at the same rate as the inner rotor, said adjusting means including plates vertically adjustably supported on opposite walls of said housing, means operable exteriorly of the housing for adjusting said plates, bearing means rotatably supporting said outer rotor between said plates, slide blocks fixed to said plates and having convex bearing faces and fixed bearing blocks on said housing having concave bearing faces in contact with said convex faces.

WILLIAM W. TINGLE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,930,059 Muller Oct. 10, 1933 1,961,592 Muller June 5, 1934 2,049,092 Strum July 28, 1936 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 98,594 Austria Nov. 25, 1924 439,155 Great Britain Nov. 29, 1935 

